Drier



Nov. 26, 1929.` N. PANZIRFF 1,736,980

' 15mm w Filed D90. 5. 1928 Ulli BY. WM ma@ ATTORNEY Patented Nov. 26,1929 l' NICOLAS PANZIREFF, OF MOSCOW, RUSSIA DRIER Application filedDecember 5, 1928, Serial No. 323,987, and in GermanyvMarch 21, 1928.

My invention relates to driers and has a are supported in a horizontalposition by particular reference to driers of a conveyer means ofguiding bars 10 supported on transtype adapted to dry granular matteror, with versely placed beams 11. The conveyors in some modifications,liquid or semiliquid maeach vertical row are substantially alike andterials. are driven at the saine speed, although it is 55 The object ofmy invention is to provide a possible to vary the speeds of differentcondrier of a continuous type, adapted to reveyors by using sprockets 6of different sizes, ceive material at one end and to continuously inorder to obtain a uniform rate of drying discharge it at the other, witha provision to on successive conveyors. I

periodically stir the material which is being A hopper l12 is placedabove each top conce dried, so as to uniformly expose all the indiveyorand is provided with a feeding mechavidual particles to the action ofthe drying nisin (not shown) of any ordinary type air. adapted todeliver material on the conveyor I also Vprovide an improved aircirculating at a uniform rate.

i5 system so as to obtain a uniform air flow in The plates 9, sliding onthe guiding bars c5 different portions of the drier, the air being` 10,represent a fiat conveyor surface adapted circulated repeatedly over thematerial so to receive thematerialfrom the hopper 12, at thatit becomesfully satiiratedwith moisture the end of the conveyor, at a certaindistance y before it is finally exhausted. from the sprocket 9, theguiding bar 10 is My invention is more fully described in theterminated, its end being bent down as shown 70 accompanyingspecification and drawing in in Figs. 1 and 6. i/Vithout supportl fromthe whichbar the plates 9 hang vertically'. For the Fig. 1 isasectional-elevation of my drier, lower or return portion of theconveyor a Fig. 2 is a vertical cross-section of same, second or lowerguiding` bar 13 is provided; A'25 Fig. 3 is a plan view of the bottomair At the incoming end it extends farther than 75 ducts, thecorresponding bar 10 above causing the Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic view ofthe drier plates 9 to take a horizontal position at the in a state fordrying semi-liquid materials. point where the upper plates 9 alreadyhang Fig. 5 is a top view of the conveyor, vertically. This arrangementis shown in 3)V Fig. 6 is a partial view of the conveyor and F ig. 1 atthe right hand end. the movement cf so conveyor sprocket wheel, whencorrespond the conveyors being indicated with arrows 14;

ing to Figs. 1 3, and and 15. A t the other cnd of the conveyor the Fig.Fis a similar view of the conveyor, bar 13 ends at a certain"distaiice'from the when corresponding to Fig. 5. sprocket, allowingtheplates 9 to hang ver- My'drier consists of a chamber 1 made ticallybefore they reach the sprocket. 85

preferably of metal and lined inside with a The next conveyor below hasan identical refractory or heat insulating materialk 2. A arrangement,the bar 10 extending to the left plurality of endless conveyor chains 3are farther than the bar 13 above so as to form a A placed inside of thechamber 1 on sprockets t fiat receiving surface'froin the plates 9 atthe 4G mounted on shafts 5 .extending between the point where the platesof the upper conveyor 90 walls of the drier and provided with externalalready hang vertically.

,or driving sprockets 6 connected together The conveyors being allvalike it is evident vwith chains 7 operated by a suitable motor thatany number of them may be arranged (not shown) or other source of power.Each vertically, according to the capacity required shaft supports two(or more) pairs of sprockand the time of drying. 95

ets 4, and thevcorresponding chains of each The conveyors 9 for dryingmaterial are pair of sprockets are connected together with arranged inunits there being shown two such cross shafts 8 attached to the links ofthe units in Fig. 2.v Between the units at the botchain's. Conveyorplates or trays 9 are tom of the drier chambera tunnel cr vduct 17mounted rotatively on the cross shafts 8 and is provided. It has a slot18 on top and a 100 horizontal bottom wall 18 and is connected with apipe or flue 19 through which hot air is admitted. The roof of the drierhas cylindrical vaults 20 over each conveyor unit in order to facilitatethe circulation of air. Re turn ducts or tunnels 21 are provided at thebottom of the drier near the side walls of it. They have longitudinalslots 22 and are in communication with an exhaust pipe 23.

The slot 18 is made of a gradually enlarged width, having its narrow endat the point where the hot air enters the tunnel 17. The slots 22 aremade narrower at the exhaust end near the pipes 23.

Instead of hot air it is possible to use other heating, by placing steamcoils or electricalV heating elements in the tunnel 17, and if necessarysimilar heating means may be provided also in the free space between theconveyor units, as shown diagrammatically at 17 Below the horizontalwall 18 of the tunnel 17 an ordinary belt conveyor 16 is placed near thebottom of the drier for carrying the dried material away from the drier.A hopper 16 is arranged below the discharging'end of the lowermoststrand of the above named conveyors 9, so as to lead the material fromthese to the conveyor 16.

The operation of my drieris as follows.

The material to be dried is placed in the hoppers 12' from which it isfed at a uniform rate of speed onz the conveyor plates 9 which carrythis material in a direction of the arrow 14 (Fig. 1). Near the endsprocket the plates 9 slide off the end of the guiding bar 10, dump ingtheir contents on the plates below which arey lined up on the lower bar13. This bar 13 extends farther to the right (toward the sprocket) sothat there are one or more plates arranged horizontally (or in theiroperative positions) at the point where the upper plates already hangvertically having dumped their loads.

The plates 9 on their ret-urn trip over the lower guiding bar 13 carryan evenly distributed load of the drying material, their other sidesbeing turned up. They reach a point at a cert-ain distance from the leftsprocket where the bar 13 terminates with its end bent down as shown,allowing the plates 9 to hang freely in a vertical position, dumpingtheir loads down on the plates of the upper strand of the next conveyorbelow. This operation is then repeated on the second conveyor, and thematerial is finally dumped 'on the third conveyor below, and so forth,until the'material is finally'deposited on the belt 16 which carriesitaway from the drier.

Y The reloading of the material from one conveyor strand to the otherand the stirring or mixing which results therefrom, greatly improve theprocess of drying, as all the particles are repeatedly anddirectlyexposed to the action of the drying air.

The hot air, admitted through the pipe 19,

tunnel 17 and the slot 18, enters the drying chamber and rises to thetop between the two units of the conveyors, coming in Contact with thematerial and absorbing the moisture which it contains. The slot 18 ismade wider at the end opposite the intake pipe 19 so that the flow ofair throughout its length is practically uniform. Cold air enteringalong the conveyor 16 is heated on the wall 18 before reaching thechains 9.

The air is deiiect'edby the vaults 2O and, being more. or less saturatedwith moisture and cooled, descends beyond the conveyors,

absorbing more moisture.- The air in diiferent portions has differentamounts of moisture, and theheavier saturated air, flowing near the sidewalls, forces thedrier and Vlighter air toward the middle where it meetsthe rising streams of hot dry air and is carri-ed with it to the Vtop ofthe drier. Additional steam or electric heaters 17 maybe placedat thesepoints to reheat the partly 'cooled air.

Vith this arrangement the heated air V.circulates several times from thebottom tothe top and around the conveyors until it becomes fullysaturated with-the moisture from the drying material. A very higheconomy in fuel results from this arrangement, the capacity of the airt0 absorb moisture being utilized to the full extent.

The slots 22 are made narrower toward the exhaust end, so that the airexhaustsrat a uniform rate throughout the length of the drier. The heavysaturated air is finally' removed through the pipe 23. j Y

In Fig. 4f the same apparatus is shown in a modified state especiallyadapted for :djryf ing liquid and semiliquid materials. For this purposeeach conveyor chain 9 is ope-nedby extracting one of its link bolts, andsome lof said chains are united to form a single endless chain conveyor24 which again is mounted on a plurality of the sprockets 4, of whichthree remain on their spot, whereasthe middle left sprocketvis shiftedinward, the mid die right sprocket is dismantled, andthe right bottomsprocket is shifted outward from the drier casing. The guiding bars 10,l13 Vare also dismantled, and further the conveyor plates 9 aredismantled, and each of then-lor a special cup or pan is hung up on each,chain 3 by aid of two links 25. For this, purpose the said sprocketsare mounted in shiftable bearings which are not show-n, ,as they may beof any well known construction. The links of the kchains 3 have special'bores vin which as well the fasteningfbo'lts of the ypilates 9 as thehanging bolts of the links 25 can easily be inserted and secured byfore'locks or the like.

In this condition lthe plates 9 yact as pans,

`which tend to maintain 'horizontal position throughout-their travel onthe ch ains asgshown in Fig. 4. The material maybe fed tothe conveyornear the right bottom sprocket and lgs CII

may be removed from it by tilting the pans near the same spot, alloutside the casing.

Also in this case the air circulation can be the same as in the lirstoase, and the air can again be circulated automatically and without anyadditional expenditure of power several times inside of the drier untilit becomes fully saturated; also the air is again distrib uted uniformlythroughout the length of the drier.

I claim as my invention In a drier, the combination with a chamber, rowsof drying conveyors inside of said chamber, a longitudinal duet for hotgases at the bottom of said chamber, said conveyors forming a centrallongitudinal clearance for said gases, the roof of said chamber forminglongitudinal vaults on top of said conveyors, a central partitionbetween said vaults adapted to deflect said gases to the sides of saidchamber, and exhaust ducts at the bottom of said chamber for said gases,said ducts being provided with tapering apertures.

In witness whereof I affix my signature.

NICOLAS PANZIREFF.

